J. Fraser Stoddart, B.Sc., Ph.D., D.Sc.
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Education: |
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Degrees:
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D.Sc., Edinburgh University, 1980
Ph.D., Edinburgh University, 1966
B.Sc., Edinburgh University, 1964
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Honors and Awards: |
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2007 Tetrahedron Prize
2007 King Faisal International Prize for Science
2007 Knight Bachelor for Services to Chemistry and Molecular Nanotechnology
2006 Honorary Doctor of Science degree from the University of Twente in The Netherlands
2005 ETH Zurich, First Novartis Lectureship
2005 Universities of Scotland, Carnegie Centenary Professorship
2005 University of Birmingham, Honorary Doctor of Science Degree
2005 University of Edinburgh, Alumnus of the Year
2005 University of Minnesota, Paul Gassman Lectureship
2004 Nagoya Gold Medal in Organic Chemistry
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Certifications: |
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Professional Societies:
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The American Association for the Advancement of Science
The American Chemical Society
The German Academy of Natural Sciences (The Leopoldina)
The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Royal Society of Chemistry
The Royal Society of London
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Contact Information:
| Laboratory Address: |
Mol Sci 5210
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| Mailing Address: |
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
405 Hilgard Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90095
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| Office Address: |
Mol Sci 5515
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Fax Number:
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(310) 206-5621
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Work Phone Number:
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(310) 206-7078
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Research Interests:
Self-Assembly Processes and Molecular Nanotechnology;
Templated-Directed Synthesis; Catenanes and Rotaxanes; Artificial Nanoscale Machines; Molecular Shuttles and Switches;
Energy Transduction
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Technical Research Interest:
Professor Stoddart and his research group work primarily in
four areas. They are (1) template-directed synthesis, that is
either kinetically or thermodynamically controlled, (2) physical
organic chemistry, principally as it relates to chemical topology
and supramolecular phenomena, (3) design and construction
of artificial molecular machinery, with special reference to
actuators and switches, and (4) the application of nanoscale
chemistry conducted on surfaces and at interfaces to fundamental problems in materials science and the life sciences. A wide range of knowledge and skill sets are required in order
to pursue research effectively and efficiently in such a multidisciplinary environment. Collaboration is encouraged within the Stoddart Group and beyond. Presently, it involves both graduate and undergraduate students, as well as postdoctoral scholars, and extends nationally and internationally, as well as departmentally and campus-wide. Much emphasis is put on the development of presentational skills. Communication is central to the culture of a group which recognizes that the world is flat!
Interviews:
Streaming Video
- Science Engineered by Art
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Additional Information:
Fraser Stoddart (b 1942) received his BSc (1964) and PhD (1966) degrees from Edinburgh University. In 1967, he went to Queen's University (Canada) as a National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellow, and then, in 1970, to Sheffield University as an Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) Research Fellow, before joining the academic staff as a Lecturer in Chemistry. He was a Science Research Council Senior Visiting Fellow at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) in 1978. After spending a sabbatical (1978-81) at the ICI Corporate Laboratory in Runcorn, he returned to Sheffield where he was promoted to a Readership in 1982. He was awarded a DSc degree by Edinburgh in 1980 for his research into stereochemistry beyond the molecule. In 1990, he moved to the Chair of Organic Chemistry at Birmingham University and was Head of the School of Chemistry there (1993-97) before moving to UCLA as the Saul Winstein Professor of Chemistry in 1997. In July 2002, he became the Acting Co-Director of the California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI). On May 1, 2003, he was appointed the Director of the CNSI and assumed the Fred Kavli Chair of NanoSystems Sciences.
Stoddart is one of the few chemists of the past quarter of a century to have created a new field of organic chemistry - namely, one in which the mechanical bond is a pre-eminent feature of molecular compounds. He has pioneered the development of molecular recognition-cum-self-assembly processes and template-directed protocols for the syntheses of two-state mechanically interlocked compounds (bistable catenanes and rotaxanes) that have been employed as molecular switches and as motor-molecules in the fabrication of nanoelectronic devices and NanoElectroMechanical Systems (NEMS).
His work has been recognized by many awards, including the Carbohydrate Chemistry Award of The Chemical Society (1978), the International Izatt-Christensen Award in Macrocyclic Chemistry (1993), the American Chemical Society's Cope Scholar Award (1999), and the Nagoya Gold Medal in Organic Chemistry (2004). He was one of ca. 20 research scientists to be invited by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to participate in the Nobel Jubilee Symposium on "Frontiers of Molecular Sciences" in Stockholm in December 2001. In 2005, he received the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science from Birmingham University, as well as being the recipient of the University of Edinburgh Alumnus of the Year 2005 Award. He is currently on the international advisory boards of numerous journals, including Angewandte Chemie, and the editor of the Royal Society of Chemistry Series of Monographs on Supramolecular Chemistry. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society (1994), the German Academy of Natural Sciences (1999), and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (2005).
In addition to being made an Honorary Professor at the East China University of Science and Technology in Shanghai and the Carnegie Centenary Visiting Professorship at the Scottish Universities in 2005, Stoddart has been awarded named lectureships by, inter alia, the following universities - Alberta, Albany (SUNY), Brigham Young, Berkeley (UC), Bristol, Chicago, Columbia, Cornell, Dalhousie, Dundee, Edinburgh, ETH Zurich, Hebrew, Kaiserslautern, Kansas, Louvain La Neuve, McGill, Minnesota, Missouri-St Louis, Montreal, Notre Dame, Ohio State, Pennsylvania, Regensburg, Rochester, Saskatoon, Simon-Fraser, Song Sil, Strasbourg, Sydney, Texas Austin, Texas A&M, Texas Christian, Vanderbilt, Victoria, Western Ontario, Wesleyan, Wisconsin, and Yale. He has also been Middle Rhine (1982), Troisième Cycle en Chemie (1988), and Atlantic Coast (1993) Lecturer. He went on Royal Society Lecture Tours of the USSR and Japan in 1986 and 1987, respectively.
Some measure of the influence of Stoddart's work may be drawn from citation statistics. Three of his >730 publications have been cited over 500 times, eight over 300, 46 over 100, and 138 over 50. He has an h-index of 73. For the period from January 1996 to June 30, 2006, he is ranked by the Institute for Scientific Information as the third most cited chemist with a total of 13,567 citations from 309 papers at a frequency of 43.9 citations per paper. During 37 years, >280 PhD and postdoctoral students have passed through his laboratories and been inspired by his imagination and creativity, and >60 have subsequently embarked upon successful independent academic careers.
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Vincenzo Balzani, Miguel Clemente-Leon, Alberto Credi, Belen Ferrer, Margherita Venturi, Amar H. Flood, and J. Fraser Stoddart, "Autonomous Artifical Nanomotor Powered by Sunlight, PNAS, 2006, 103 (5), 1178-1183.
Branden Brough, Brian H. Northrop, Jacob J. Schmidt, Hsian-Rong Tseng, Kendall N. Houk, J. Fraser Stoddart, and Chih-Ming Ho, "Evaluation of Synthetic Linear Motor-Molecule Actuation Energetics", PNAS, 2006, 103 (23), 8583-8588.
Balzani, V. Clemente-Leon, M. Credi, A. Ferrer, B. Venturi, M. Flood, A. H. Stoddart, J. F. , Autonomous artificial nanomotor powered by sunlight, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2006, 103 (5), 1178-83.
Belitsky, J. M. Nelson, A. Stoddart, J. F. , Monitoring cyclodextrin-polyviologen pseudopolyrotaxanes with the Bradford assay, Org Biomol Chem, 2006, 4 (2), 250-6.
Badjic, J. D. Ronconi, C. M. Stoddart, J. F. Balzani, V. Silvi, S. Credi, A. , Operating molecular elevators, J Am Chem Soc, 2006, 128 (5), 1489-99.
Nygaard, S. Laursen, B. W. Flood, A. H. Hansen, C. N. Jeppesen, J. O. Stoddart, J. F. , Quantifying the working stroke of tetrathiafulvalene-based electrochemically-driven linear motor-molecules, Chem Commun (Camb), 2006 (2), 144-6.
Saha, S. Johansson, E. Flood, A. H. Tseng, H. R. Zink, J. I. Stoddart, J. F. , A photoactive molecular triad as a nanoscale power supply for a supramolecular machine, Chemistry, 2005, 11 (23), 6846-58.
Nguyen, TD Tseng, HR Celestre, PC Flood, AH Liu, Y Stoddart, JF Zink, JI, A reversible molecular valve., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. , 2005, 102 (29), 10029-34.
Deng, W. Q. Flood, A. H. Stoddart, J. F. Goddard, W. A., 3rd , An electrochemical color-switchable RGB dye: tristable [2]catenane, J Am Chem Soc, 2005, 127 (46), 15994-5.
Liu, Y. Vignon, S. A. Zhang, X. Houk, K. N. Stoddart, J. F. , Conformational diastereoisomerism in a chiral pretzelane, Chem Commun (Camb), 2005 (31), 3927-9.
Liu, Y. Bonvallet, P. A. Vignon, S. A. Khan, S. I. Stoddart, J. F. , Donor-acceptor pretzelanes and a cyclic bis[2]catenane homologue, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2005, 44 (20), 3050-5.
Liu, Y. Vignon, S. A. Zhang, X. Bonvallet, P. A. Khan, S. I. Houk, K. N. Stoddart, J. F. , Dynamic chirality in donor-acceptor pretzelanes, J Org Chem, 2005, 70 (23), 9334-44.
Chichak, K. S. Cantrill, S. J. Stoddart, J. F. , Dynamic nanoscale Borromean links, Chem Commun (Camb), 2005 (27), 3391-3.
Stoddart JF, From a Meccano Set to Nano Meccano, Pure Appl. Chem., 2005, 77, 1089-1106.
Choi, J. W. Flood, A. H. Steuerman, D. W. Nygaard, S. Braunschweig, A. B. Moonen, N. N. Laursen, B. W. Luo, Y. DeIonno, E. Peters, A. J. Jeppesen, J. O. Xu, K. Stoddart, J. F. Heath, J. R. , Ground-state equilibrium thermodynamics and switching kinetics of bistable [2]rotaxanes switched in solution, polymer gels, and molecular electronic devices, Chemistry, 2005, 12 (1), 261-79.
Liu, Y. Flood, A. H. Bonvallet, P. A. Vignon, S. A. Northrop, B. H. Tseng, H. R. Jeppesen, J. O. Huang, T. J. Brough, B. Baller, M. Magonov, S. Solares, S. D. Goddard, W. A. Ho, C. M. Stoddart, J. F. , Linear artificial molecular muscles, J Am Chem Soc, 2005, 127 (27), 9745-59.
Jang, S. S. Jang, Y. H. Kim, Y. H. Goddard, W. A., 3rd Choi, J. W. Heath, J. R. Laursen, B. W. Flood, A. H. Stoddart, J. F. Norgaard, K. Bjornholm, T. , Molecular dynamics simulation of amphiphilic bistable [2]rotaxane langmuir monolayers at the air/water interface, J Am Chem Soc, 2005, 127 (42), 14804-16.
Badjic, J. D. Nelson, A. Cantrill, S. J. Turnbull, W. B. Stoddart, J. F. , Multivalency and cooperativity in supramolecular chemistry, Acc Chem Res, 2005, 38 (9), 723-32.
Peters, A. J. Chichak, K. S. Cantrill, S. J. Stoddart, J. F. , Nanoscale Borromean links for real, Chem Commun (Camb), 2005 (27), 3394-6.
Cantrill, S. J. Chichak, K. S. Peters, A. J. Stoddart, J. F. , Nanoscale borromean rings, Acc Chem Res, 2005, 38 (1), 1-9.
Garaudee, S. Silvi, S. Venturi, M. Credi, A. Flood, A. H. Stoddart, J. F. , Shuttling dynamics in an acid-base-switchable [2]rotaxane, Chemphyschem, 2005, 6 (10), 2145-52.
KS Chichak, A Star, MVP Altoé, JF Stoddart, Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Under the Influence of Dynamic Coordination and Supramolecular Chemistry, Small, 2005, 1, 452-461.
Norgaard, K. Laursen, B. W. Nygaard, S. Kjaer, K. Tseng, H. R. Flood, A. H. Stoddart, J. F. Bjornholm, T. , Structural evidence of mechanical shuttling in condensed monolayers of bistable rotaxane molecules, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2005, 44 (43), 7035-9.
Jang, S. S. Jang, Y. H. Kim, Y. H. Goddard Iii, W. A. Flood, A. H. Laursen, B. W. Tseng, H. R. Stoddart, J. F. Jeppesen, J. O. Choi, J. W. Steuerman, D. W. Deionno, E. Heath, J. R. , Structures and properties of self-assembled monolayers of bistable [2]rotaxanes on Au (111) surfaces from molecular dynamics simulations validated with experiment, J Am Chem Soc, 2005, 127 (5), 1563-75.
Leung, K. C. Arico, F. Cantrill, S. J. Stoddart, J. F. , Template-directed dynamic synthesis of mechanically interlocked dendrimers, J Am Chem Soc, 2005, 127 (16), 5808-10.
Cantrill, S. J. Grubbs, R. H. Lanari, D. Leung, K. C. Nelson, A. Poulin-Kerstien, K. G. Smidt, S. P. Stoddart, J. F. Tirrell, D. A. , Template-directed olefin cross metathesis, Org Lett, 2005, 7 (19), 4213-6.
Arico, F. Chang, T. Cantrill, S. J. Khan, S. I. Stoddart, J. F. , Template-directed synthesis of multiply mechanically interlocked molecules under thermodynamic control, Chemistry, 2005, 11 (16), 4655-66.
Badjic, J. D. Balzani, V. Credi, A. Lowe, J. N. Silvi, S. Stoddart, J. F. , A mechanically interlocked bundle, Chemistry, 2004, 10 (8), 1926-35.
Badjic, JD Balzani, V Credi, A Silvi, S Stoddart, JF, A molecular elevator., Science. , 2004, 303 (5665), 1845-9.
Nelson, A. Belitsky, J. M. Vidal, S. Joiner, C. S. Baum, L. G. Stoddart, J. F. , A self-assembled multivalent pseudopolyrotaxane for binding galectin-1, J Am Chem Soc, 2004, 126 (38), 11914-22.
Hernandez, R. Tseng, H. R. Wong, J. W. Stoddart, J. F. Zink, J. I. , An operational supramolecular nanovalve, J Am Chem Soc, 2004, 126 (11), 3370-1.
Badjic, J. D. Cantrill, S. J. Stoddart, J. F. , Can multivalency be expressed kinetically? The answer is yes, J Am Chem Soc, 2004, 126 (8), 2288-9.
Flood, AH Stoddart, JF Steuerman, DW Heath, JR, Chemistry. Whence molecular electronics?, Science. , 2004, 306 (5704), 2055-6.
Marchioni, F. Venturi, M. Ceroni, P. Balzani, V. Belohradsky, M. Elizarov, A. M. Tseng, H. R. Stoddart, J. F. , Complete charge pooling is prevented in viologen-based dendrimers by self-protection, Chemistry, 2004, 10 (24), 6361-8.
Iijima, T. Vignon, S. A. Tseng, H. R. Jarrosson, T. Sanders, J. K. Marchioni, F. Venturi, M. Apostoli, E. Balzani, V. Stoddart, J. F. , Controllable donor-acceptor neutral [2]rotaxanes, Chemistry, 2004, 10 (24), 6375-92.
Laursen, B. W. Nygaard, S. Jeppesen, J. O. Stoddart, J. F. , Counterion-induced translational isomerism in a bistable [2]rotaxane, Org Lett, 2004, 6 (23), 4167-70.
Star, A. Joshi, V. Han, T. R. Altoe, M. V. Gruner, G. Stoddart, J. F. , Electronic detection of the enzymatic degradation of starch, Org Lett, 2004, 6 (13), 2089-92.
Vignon, S. A. Wong, J. Tseng, H. R. Stoddart, J. F. , Helical chirality in donor-acceptor catenanes, Org Lett, 2004, 6 (7), 1095-8.
Lee, I. C. Frank, C. W. Yamamoto, T. Tseng, H. R. Flood, A. H. Stoddart, J. F. Jeppesen, J. O. , Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films of amphiphilic bistable rotaxanes, Langmuir, 2004, 20 (14), 5809-28.
Chichak, K. S. Cantrill, S. J. Pease, A. R. Chiu, S. H. Cave, G. W. Atwood, J. L. Stoddart, J. F. , Molecular borromean rings, Science, 2004, 304 (5675), 1308-12.
Kang, S. Vignon, S. A. Tseng, H. R. Stoddart, J. F. , Molecular shuttles based on tetrathiafulvalene units and 1,5-dioxynaphthalene ring systems, Chemistry, 2004, 10 (10), 2555-64.
Steuerman, D. W. Tseng, H. R. Peters, A. J. Flood, A. H. Jeppesen, J. O. Nielsen, K. A. Stoddart, J. F. Heath, J. R. , Molecular-mechanical switch-based solid-state electrochromic devices, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2004, 43 (47), 6486-91.
Lowe, J. N. Fulton, D. A. Chiu, S. H. Elizarov, A. M. Cantrill, S. J. Rowan, S. J. Stoddart, J. F. , Polyvalent interactions in unnatural recognition processes, J Org Chem, 2004, 69 (13), 4390-402.
Marchioni, F. Venturi, M. Credi, A. Balzani, V. Belohradsky, M. Elizarov, A. M. Tseng, H. R. Stoddart, J. F. , Polyvalent scaffolds. Counting the number of seats available for eosin guest molecules in viologen-based host dendrimers, J Am Chem Soc, 2004, 126 (2), 568-73.
Tseng, H. R. Vignon, S. A. Celestre, P. C. Perkins, J. Jeppesen, J. O. Di Fabio, A. Ballardini, R. Gandolfi, M. T. Venturi, M. Balzani, V. Stoddart, J. F. , Redox-controllable amphiphilic [2]rotaxanes, Chemistry, 2004, 10 (1), 155-72.
Vignon, S. A. Jarrosson, T. Iijima, T. Tseng, H. R. Sanders, J. K. Stoddart, J. F. , Switchable neutral bistable rotaxanes, J Am Chem Soc, 2004, 126 (32), 9884-5.
Nelson, A. Stoddart, J. F. , Synthesis of lactoside glycodendrons using photoaddition and reductive amination methodologies, Carbohydr Res, 2004, 339 (12), 2069-75.
Badjic, J. D. Cantrill, S. J. Grubbs, R. H. Guidry, E. N. Orenes, R. Stoddart, J. F. , The exclusivity of multivalency in dynamic covalent processes, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2004, 43 (25), 3273-8.
Williams, A. R. Northrop, B. H. Houk, K. N. Stoddart, J. F. Williams, D. J. , The influence of constitutional isomerism and change on molecular recognition processes, Chemistry, 2004, 10 (21), 5406-21.
Tseng, H. R. Wu, D. Fang, N. X. Zhang, X. Stoddart, J. F. , The metastability of an electrochemically controlled nanoscale machine on gold surfaces, Chemphyschem, 2004, 5 (1), 111-6.
Flood, A. H. Peters, A. J. Vignon, S. A. Steuerman, D. W. Tseng, H. R. Kang, S. Heath, J. R. Stoddart, J. F. , The role of physical environment on molecular electromechanical switching, Chemistry, 2004, 10 (24), 6558-64.
Liu, Y. Flood, A. H. Stoddart, J. F. , Thermally and electrochemically controllable self-complexing molecular switches, J Am Chem Soc, 2004, 126 (30), 9150-1.
Liu, Y. Flood, A. H. Moskowitz, R. M. Stoddart, J. F. , Versatile self-complexing compounds based on covalently linked donor-acceptor cyclophanes, Chemistry, 2004, 11 (1), 369-85.
Fuchs, B. Nelson, A. Star, A. Stoddart, J. F. Vidal, S. , Amplification of dynamic chiral crown ether complexes during cyclic acetal formation, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2003, 42 (35), 4220-4.
Kalovidouris, S. A. Blixt, O. Nelson, A. Vidal, S. Turnbull, W. B. Paulson, J. C. Stoddart, J. F. , Chemically defined sialoside scaffolds for investigation of multivalent interactions with sialic acid binding proteins, J Org Chem, 2003, 68 (22), 8485-93.
Balzani, V. Clemente-Leon, M. Credi, A. Lowe, J. N. Badjic, J. D. Stoddart, J. F. Williams, D. J. , Controlling multivalent interactions in triply-threaded two-component superbundles, Chemistry, 2003, 9 (21), 5348-60.
Amirsakis, D. G. Elizarov, A. M. Garcia-Garibay, M. A. Glink, P. T. Stoddart, J. F. White, A. J. Williams, D. J. , Diastereospecific photochemical dimerization of a stilbene-containing daisy chain monomer in solution as well as in the solid state, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2003, 42 (10), 1126-32.
Nelson, A. Stoddart, J. F. , Dynamic multivalent lactosides displayed on cyclodextrin beads dangling from polymer strings, Org Lett, 2003, 5 (21), 3783-6.
Jeppesen, J. O. Vignon, S. A. Stoddart, J. F. , In the twilight zone between [2]pseudorotaxanes and [2]rotaxanes, Chemistry, 2003, 9 (19), 4611-25.
Horn, M. Ihringer, J. Glink, P. T. Stoddart, J. F. , Kinetic versus thermodynamic control during the formation of [2]rotaxanes by a dynamic template-directed clipping process, Chemistry, 2003, 9 (17), 4046-54.
Yu, H. Luo, Y. Beverly, K. Stoddart, J. F. Tseng, H. R. Heath, J. R. , The molecule-electrode interface in single-molecule transistors, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2003, 42 (46), 5706-11.
Tseng, H. R. Vignon, S. A. Stoddart, J. F. , Toward chemically controlled nanoscale molecular machinery, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2003, 42 (13), 1491-5.
Chiu, S. H. Pease, A. R. Stoddart, J. F. White, A. J. Williams, D. J. , A ring-in-ring complex, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2002, 41 (2), 270-4.
Elizarov, A. M. Chiu, S. H. Stoddart, J. F. , An acid-base switchable [2]rotaxane, J Org Chem, 2002, 67 (26), 9175-81.
Backinowsky, L. V. Abronina, P. I. Shashkov, A. S. Grachev, A. A. Kochetkov, N. K. Nepogodiev, S. A. Stoddart, J. F. , An efficient approach towards the convergent synthesis of "fully-carbohydrate" mannodendrimers, Chemistry, 2002, 8 (19), 4412-23.
Chiu, S. H. Rowan, S. J. Cantrill, S. J. Stoddart, J. F. White, A. J. Williams, D. J. , An hermaphroditic [c2]daisy chain, Chem Commun (Camb), 2002 (24), 2948-9.
Elizarov, A. M. Chiu, S. H. Glink, P. T. Stoddart, J. F. , Dendrimer with rotaxane-like mechanical branching, Org Lett, 2002, 4 (5), 679-82.
Turnbull, W. B. Stoddart, J. F. , Design and synthesis of glycodendrimers, J Biotechnol, 2002, 90 (3-4), 231-55.
Rowan, S. J. Cantrill, S. J. Cousins, G. R. Sanders, J. K. Stoddart, J. F. , Dynamic covalent chemistry, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2002, 41 (6), 898-952.
Ashton, P. R. Balzani, V. Clemente-Leon, M. Colonna, B. Credi, A. Jayaraman, N. Raymo, F. M. Stoddart, J. F. Venturi, M. , Ferrocene-containing carbohydrate dendrimers, Chemistry, 2002, 8 (3), 673-84.
Ballardini, R. Balzani, V. Clemente-Leon, M. Credi, A. Gandolfi, M. T. Ishow, E. Perkins, J. Stoddart, J. F. Tseng, H. R. Wenger, S. , Photoinduced electron transfer in a triad that can be assembled/disassembled by two different external inputs. Toward molecular-level electrical extension cables, J Am Chem Soc, 2002, 124 (43), 12786-95.
Jeppesen, J. O. Becher, J. Stoddart, J. F. , Poised on the brink between a bistable complex and a compound, Org Lett, 2002, 4 (4), 557-60.
Fulton, D. A. Cantrill, S. J. Stoddart, J. F. , Probing polyvalency in artificial systems exhibiting molecular recognition, J Org Chem, 2002, 67 (23), 7968-81.
Chiu, S. H. Stoddart, J. F. , Reversing a rotaxane recognition motif: threading oligoethylene glycol derivatives through a dicationic cyclophane, J Am Chem Soc, 2002, 124 (16), 4174-5.
Elizarov, A. M. Chang, T. Chiu, S. H. Stoddart, J. F. , Self-assembly of dendrimers by slippage, Org Lett, 2002, 4 (21), 3565-8.
Star, A. Steuerman, D. W. Heath, J. R. Stoddart, J. F. , Starched carbon nanotubes, Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2002, 41 (14), 2508-12.
Chiu, S. H. Elizarov, A. M. Glink, P. T. Stoddart, J. F. , Translational isomerism in a [3]catenane and a [3]rotaxane, Org Lett, 2002, 4 (21), 3561-4.
Luo, Y. Collier, P. C. Jeppesen, J. O. Nielsen, K. A. Delonno, E. Ho, G. Perkins, J. Tseng, H. R. Yamamoto, T. Stoddart, J. F. Heath, J. R. , Two-dimensional molecular electronics circuits, Chemphyschem, 2002, 3 (6), 519-25.
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